Respected sir,

            Here is my response on article regarding Gender Bias.

  

Yes, i am agree that temples are gender Bias. if we talk about religion there is no equality among male & Female. Certain rules and regulations women has to follow. One of  them is women are not allowed in the temples for example in the temple of Shani shignapur temple, Dargah of Haji Ali. In Islam also women are not allowed in mosque. There are also instruction  for women that she has to cover her body before entering in to the temple, Gurudvara or mosque.  she could not wear sleeveless or short clothes. I don't think so that God has any problem with clothing of the women. There is no connection between clothing & prayer than why all the Dhrama guru made this nonsense type rules only for women. All this rules and regulations are made by society and this society is itself patriarchal. so obviously it has problem with freedom of women. 

Why this kinds of rules are only for women.

    'The God or Temple will not become impure if women enters in to the temple. '

           ' God is above all the belief '

There is no law that prevents women to any temple. if you allow men, then you should allow women whatever she wanted to do. It is the right of the women.

Response on worksheet Of Sense of an ending

                                          Julian Barnes is the writer of the Novel 'Sense of en ending. Novel is considered as Memory novel & psycho Thriller.It was written in 2011.Memory plays vital role in the novel. 

What is the meaning of phrase ‘Blood Money’ in 

Veronica’s reply email?

General meaning of Blood Money is 

1. Money paid in compensation to the family of someone who has been killed.
2. In this novel sarah pays money to Tony after the death of Adrian. Because sarah & Adrian both are in relationship and sarah is the mother of Adrian's child. she gives 500 dollars to him. Veronica Called it is 'Blood Money'. Because sarah has relationship with Adrian & veronica is and Adrian both were in relationship with each-other.That's why she call it 'Blood Money'
3. Another reason is that Tony is responsible for Adrian's death. So, veronica calls it Blood Money.

How do you decipher the

equation: 

b, a1, a2, S, V ? b = s – v^x + a¹  or  a² + v + a¹ x s = b?

b means Baby, a1 means Adrian, a2 means Adrian's son Anthony

S Sarah,  V veronica 

b, a1, a2, S, V ? b = s – v^x + a¹  or  a² + v + a¹ x s = b?

The legitimate relation of sarah & Adrian leads towards damage of their baby. 

What do you mean by Unreliable Narrator? Is Tony

 Webster classifiable as Unreliable Narrator?

we can not believe in the narration of Tony. we can see that kind of narrative in Edger Allen Poe's story. Adrian tells his story but in the end of the novel he himself construct his story. There is   problem with the documentation of the memory.

Thank You!!!!!

1.   

My presentations

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Comparative study of movie & Novel from Krupali Lewade

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Benefits of Advertisement from Krupali Lewade

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Significance of the title 'things Fall Apart'' from Krupali Lewade

Representation Of Women In Waiting For The Barbaerian

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             Representation of women in

          Waiting for the Barbarian

Introduction

                        From the ancient time to the present century women’s position in the society is not equal to man. They are discriminated and considered ‘other’. Writers paint the picture of the women ‘According to this so called society’. If we talked about African women they are double marginalized one as she is ‘African or Black’ & other as ‘she is the women’. Here we are concern with the representation of women in J.M.Coetzee’s novel ‘waiting for the Barbarians’. 
It is an allegorical novel. so let’s discuss  how Coetzee has represented the women in waiting for the barbarians.

                                       The girl is left an Orphan and Magistrate wants to take care of her as an act of redemption for his town‘s cruelty. From this we can
 say that magistrate was guilt and sympathies with her because they have done to Barbarians.

                                Magistrate wants to shield and nurse her. But maybe we can say that magistrate wants to dominate her. Here in the above picture how her body is objectified by magistrate. Magistrate used her by tending her wounds, washing her broken fact legs. Rubbing her body with almost oil. But Barbarian girl does not want help from him through he helps from him through he helps her. It is kind of torture because without her permission he was doing.

If we talked about society women is deprived of gaze, deprived of subjectivity. Here in this novel Barbarian girl is subaltern. Because she was silent. She does not speak anything. May be we can say that she was not silent but voice was not given to her. Without speaking she was tolerate the torture of the magistrate. So we can say she was strong and capable to faced the situation. The barbarian girl’s lack of communication is more significant in the novel.

                           The girl yield silently, but the Magistrate’s mind is disarranged by the brutality of the third Bureau does not simply take her.

Relation between Barbarian Girl & Magistrate.s

Magistrate takes  the Barbarian girl under his wing and brings her back to the quarter. There, though sleep besides eachother and Magistrate messages her and caresses her. Relationship between them hardly becomes more physical. Magistrate gives her job in the kitchen.

                       The relationship between Magistrate and the Barberian girl ‘becomes a metaphor for the Relationship between

                              ‘Colonized & Colonizer’

                             The Magistrate himself is conscious of the dubious motives of his acts of charity towards the girl. HHhhhh

However he cannot let go of her. Unlike the symbolism of the initial act of kneeling on the girl’s side end of the act of offering money to her. It clearly suggests that their relationship is not as ‘Master & Slave’ but as a more dynamic and more ambiguous. Magistrate eager to learn her, encounters her eyes. But her eyes merely reflect him back. The Blackness of her gaze would suggest precisely the opposite namely that

         ‘She does not care if she is watched

           She lives in her own closed world’

                                   Thus from these we can say that she does not care about others. She lives in her own world. The Barbarian girl seems to be a simple, one dimensional character. But here in this novel her simplicity is not so much an indication of the childlike nature of the barbarians. It is comment on the unnatural and self complexity of civilized man.

                               The Barbarian girl is just like an alien in the world of empire, ‘Stranger’ from ‘so remote a kingdom that no one can understand her. The character of the Barbarian girl is presented in ironical way. She is confused and infuriates the congenitally disingenuous affairs of the states. Her nature is mixture, she is complicated yet resilient women who somehow retain her integrity in spite of being uprooted from her culture and severely abused.

                            When Magistrate wants to know about her. She resists both the tortures and magistrate efforts to know her ‘secret’. Perhaps she has no secret. She is simply what she appears tobe. Barbarian girl is not only colonized by empire but she also colonized by Magistrate because he uses her as an object.  So, we can say that Barbarian girl was colonized by empire & than by Magistrate. Thus, we can say women always become object of men’s pleasure. Even if magistrate sympathies with her. There is a reason behind that he was guilt that’s why he was showing sympathy towards her. Barbarian girl fulfills the role of ‘Colonized Women’.

                                         Magistrate tries to understand her but say anything. It also shows that she cannot able to raise voice against injustice. Just like other women she becomes the victim of male dominant society. There are lots of things which she hides behind her silence.

                                 When Magistrate wears dressed of women. It is very symbolical because he has done injustice to the servants of the empire. The servants gave him punishment. It is also shows that become woman are one kind of ‘punishment’.

Conclusion

Thus here in this novel Barbarian girl represented as colonized and objectified by the Man. It is shows that women are inferior to Men. By this way Coetzee has presented African society.  She is Slave inferior & colonized.

Thank You!!!!!!!!!!!

                                                                             

Radio As Mass Medium Of Mass-Communication

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Radio as a medium of Mass 

communication

                         Before we are dealing with the Radio as a mass communication. It is important to know what Mass communication is. According to Oxford dictionary ‘mass’means a larger number of people or object gathers together. Communication is means of sending information. Mass communication.

              Mass media is means that are used to communicate to the general public. With the help of medium of any communication provides message to the people. Communication is the very necessary process. Whenever we want to listen your favorite song, TV shows. You will turn yourself towards Radio, Television, or a computer. Together information, internet, radio and etc. when there was no internet, radio and television at that newspaper was the platform. Centuries later, in the 1890s came the invention of radio and then television become medium of communication. In the present century internet is the most relevant form of mass communication.
Here we are concern with 
The Radio As Mass communication
                          

AIR Service

                Here are some of the service of All India Radio Station

•Vividh Bharati
•Prasar Bharati
•Regional Services:
•The headquarters of the Regional                             Deputy Directors General are located at Delhi and
Chandigarh (NR), Lucknow and Bhopal (CR), Guwahati (NER), Kolkata (ER), Mumbai and
Ahmedabad (WR), Chennai and Bangaluru (SR).
•External Services: The external services of All India Radio broadcast in 27 languages to
countries outside India. The first broadcasts were in Pushto, beamed to Afghanistan and
the North-West Frontier Province. Soon broadcasts began in other languages including Dari,
Persian, Arabic, English, Burmese, Japanese, Chinese, Malay and French. The external services
broadcast in 16 foreign and 11 Indian languages, with a total program output of 70¼ hours per
day on medium- and shortwave.
•News-On-Phone Service: All India Radio launched news-on-phone service on 25 February
1998 in New Delhi; it now has service in Chennai, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Indore, Patna and

Bangalore. The service is accessible through STD, ISD and local calls.

AIR Programmes

•News Bulletins
•Newsreels
•Documentaries/Radio features
•Radio Plays
•Radio Talks
•Music Programmes
•Movie trailers

•Quizzes

Vividh Bharati

                  The Vividh Bharati Service of All India Radio was conceptualized to combat Radio Ceylon in
1957. Within no time it proved to be a popular channel of every household. Vividh Bharati
radio channel was launched on October 3, 1957. The service provides entertainment for
nearly 15 to 17 hours a day. Vividh Bharati is one of the best-known services of AIR. Its name roughly translates as
"Multi-Indian Service", and it is also known as the Commercial Broadcasting Service (CBS).It is the most commercially-accessible of the AIR networks and is popular in Mumbai and other large cities.
This programme  offers a wide range of programmes including news, film music and comedy programs.It operates on different medium wave-band frequencies for each city.
In our country 40 Vividh Bharati stations across the country down-linked these programmes through captive earth stations provided at each of these AIR stations. These 40 Vividh Bharati stations are known as Commercial Broadcasting Service Stations and are located at all major and commercially vibrant cities covering 97% of the Indian population.

Prasar Bharati

Prasar Bharati is India's largest public broadcaster. It is an autonomous body set up by an Act of Parliament and comprises Doordarshan television network and All India Radio which were earlier media units of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government ofIndia. Prasar Bharati was established on November 23, 1997 following a demand that the government owned broadcasters in India should be given autonomy like those in many other countries. The Parliament of India passed an Act to grant this autonomy in 1990, but it was not enacted until September 15, 1997.
Functions and Objectives

Conclusion
                     It shall be the primary duty of the Corporation to organise and conduct public broadcasting services to inform, educate and entertain the public and to ensure a balanced development of broadcasting on radio.

Representation of India in White Tiger & One Night @ The Call Centre

             

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Representation of India in

‘The White Tiger’ & ‘one night @ call center’

                      

  Arvinda Adiga is the author of the novel “The White Tiger’’ & Chetan Bhagat is the author of the novel One Night @ call centre. First of all brief introduction about both novels.

   The White Tiger

     It was first published in the year 2008.

It won man booker prize in 2008.

It is about journey of ‘Balram Halwai’

One Night @ Call Centre

§ It was first published in 2005.

§ This novel focuses on group of six employers.

§ They are working in the call centre. 

                     
            
         
               Both the novel is written by Indian author & both are part of popular literature. One of the aims of literature is

          ‘Literature should hold mirror up to the    nature means true to life’

                      Both the novels are true to life. Both the novels are

             ‘Reflection of India’

                              Nation is narrated in both the novels but their portrayal is different from each other. So let’s have look upon how nation is reflected in both the novels. At first we are concern with the Adiga’s The white Tiger & afterward Chetan Bhagat’s novel.

Reflection of India in The whiteTiger

                              During ancient time India is considered as

                          ‘sone ki chidiya’.

Mark Twain rightly  says that       

                             ‘India is the cradle of the human race, the birth place of human speech, mother his of tradition .our most valuable & most constructive materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only’’

                                   He was talking about what was an India & Arvind Adiga present in the novel what is present condition of India. Balram Halwai is the protagonist of the Novel ‘The White Tiger’ The novel is woven around the life the protagonist

                                      He writes letter to chiness prime minister. Balram tells the real condition of India. The letter is written from the desk of ‘The White Tiger’. A thinking man and an entrepreneur. Minister wants to know the truth about India.

                 If anyone knows truth about (Bangalore) India. It’s me.

                 Balram speaks this sentence. This line suggests that he has experienced the truth of India. In his letter he deconstructs the image of ‘shinning India’. Balram introduce himself as an entrepreneur ‘How the son of reshow puller, escaped a life of servitude to become a successful businessman. He is smart child but he is forced to leave school in order help pay for his cousin-sister’s dowry and begins to work in a tea shop with his brother in dhanbad. It is the reality of Indian children’s.

A poor child does not get education because of money or sometimes they have to take care about their younger sister and brother. Educational institutes are considered as a sacred place but it is also corrupted. Government provides meal to students. But a school teacher has stolen the money. Sometimes student become ill because of that meal. Uniforms of the students are sold in the neighboring village. Balram himself says

 ‘If the Indian village paradise,

                                                                              School is paradise within a paradise’

                   
                  Teachers are responsible for that. They have stolen the money of students because government hadn’t pay money to them. Thus we can say that from the childhood balram was surrounded by corruption & politics.

                        Balram and his brother have to work in a tea shop he learns about India’s government & economy from the conversation of the costumers. After this Balram moved to New Delhi with his pinky madam & Ashok. Villagers like to live life styles of cities. Same thing happen with Balram  halwai. He adopts the life style of his master. He starts drinking and going to red areas. This is how villagers are egger to live the city life.  From this his journey of darkness of village to light of city started. Balram had only one dream to driver Honda city but senior driver Ram Prasad was the driver of the Honda city. When landlord came to know that Ram Prasad who was living there as a Hindu, actually he was Muslim. Ram Prasad was exposed and ran away to Dhanbad. This shows religious difference in India.

   ‘ Vididhta Ma Akta’

                   This is kind of hypocrisy that Indians respect all the religion. But Adiga has shown reality of India that there are religious difference still prevailed in India. If we talked about ashok, Balram’s master hired a bungalow in the posh area of Gurgaon.  He did his job by manipulating things bribing leaders, policeman and politicians.  Balram learns from his master and he also manipulates while doing job. He comes to know every loop-hole of the corruption. He himself says that…………

I was corrupted from a sweet innocent village fool in to citified fellow full of debauchery depravity, and weakness. All these changes happened because they happened in me, first in Mr.Ashok.

                 He returned from America an innocent man, but life in Delhi corrupted him and once the master of Honda city becomes corrupted how can the driver stay innocent?

                      Above line proves that environment of India corrupts people. Ashok corrupted by Delhi city because he learned the tricks how to take work from political leaders, ministers, brokers, police & judge etc. Corruption is like web. Once pinky madam smashes a child while, she is heavily drunk. Balram compelled to take the blame on himself. But there is nexus with the police and judges and the case is solved. Thus we can say that the novel exposes the corruption. After this incident Balram becomes puzzled. He wonders here and there. He goes to paharganj, not far from the imperial Hotel. Here he see another side of India.

India of Darkness

                  Here he sees life of the people lying on the floor of the station, dogs were sniffing at the garbage and then he thinks about his destination without the job of the driver.


                                         

Balram describes that…………

Delhi is the capital of not one but two countries two Indians. The ‘Light’ & ‘Darkness’ both flow in to Delhi. Gurgaon, Here Mr. Ashok lived in the end of the city & on the other hand old Delhi. 

          

                             

There are lots of things that modern world forget all about rickshaws, old stone, Building and muslims.

                     On the time of election Netas said that they will think about poor people but reality is that all those are fake promises. For example ‘Acche Din Aayege’

‘Acche Din’ for poor people never comes. All those promises are only for votes.

                     In few days Balram learns so many things about Delhi & suffering of the people. Balram killed his master Ashok to live lavish life like him. The undercurrent of this simple story of murder is suffering of Balram. He curses his poverty and lack of education.

‘Why had my father raised me to live life like an animal?’

               Thus at last we can say that Adiga tried to show us real picture of india. Arvind Adiga says that he is the writer of ‘Aam Admin’. India is developing but Bharata needs changes. In India richer become more ricther and poor become poorer. With the help of the story of Balram. Writer shows two picture of poor Indian or we can say ‘Half Baked Indian’

       Criminals are not Born they are made by society.

                   Society is responsible for because circumstance of the innocent people make them criminals.

Representation of India in

               One Night @ call centre 

As we all know that Chetan Bhagat is the writer of ‘One Night @ call centre’. Whereas Adiga of shows harsh reality poor people. Chetan Bhagat shows condition of youth in his novel. The novel is woven around six people. They are working at the call centre. A problem that they have faced is presented by chetan Bhagat in the novel.

                      Shyam, Priyanka, varun, Radhika, Isha & watchman uncle. Tehey all are working in the call centre. They all are suffering from one or another problem of life. Themes like involves anxieties and insecurities of the rising Indian middle class including questions about career inadequacy, marriage, family conflicts in changing India & the relationship of young middle class to both executive and ordinary clients whom they serve in the united states.

                          People who is working in the call centre they have to change their name according to Americans. They have to speak in American accent. Sir members are working at the connexions call centre in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. As I above mention they have to work according to American. Lives of the people are horrible. All six people have their own problems. This six people are representative of Indians who have suffered from that problem that they are suffering.

Shyam

He is the protagonist of the novel. Who almost lost his love, thwarted ambitions; there is no affection from the family, pressure of patriarchal setup and work environment in globalized office. He was the victim of Bakshi’s plan.

Priyanka is money minded girl. She is planning to arrange marriage with another man who is NRI. Her mother’s desire that her daughter should be marry with rich and NRI person. Priyanka raises question that I don’t know him very well so how can I marry with him without knowing him. Here she is representative of all the women who becomes victim of this kind of mentality of their family members.

Radhika

 She is an unhappy married woman. Her mother in law is very demanding. Her husband has an affair with some other women.

Esha 

She wants to be a model. She fights against all the difficulties of life. But she was used by man. This is the example of city life. She runs away from home to fulfill her dream.

Varoon

            He is shyam’s friend. He hates the call centre and American employers.  But he has to compromise for a simple reason that he has to keep up his standard of living.

Military uncle

Who wants to talk with his grandson. But he was living in foreign country.

Bakshi

Who is boos of the call centre. He is cruel so all the members hates him.

                     So, here we can say that all the characters suffer in their lives. All these kinds of problem can be we can see in our real life. The world of the call centre is represents modern phenomena. Thus we can say that chetan Bhagat tries to give us picture of modern society of India. Where modern employers are exploit by Americans.

Conclusion

By concluding we can say that both the novels are representation of India. As there is saying ‘Literature is mirror of the society’. Both these novels are reflection of Indian society.  According to me Adiga’s picture of India is more realistic than chetan Bhagat’s One Night @ call centre.

Thank You!!!!!!!

Works Cited

http://jayshreekunchalaok151315.blogspot.in/2015/03/image-of-india-as-delineated-by-adiga.html.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Night_@_the_Call_Center.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_White_Tiger.